Refugee Support & Federal Benefits
1. The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR)
The Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) is a critical division of the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) within the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). ORR is the primary federal agency responsible for funding, managing, and overseeing the national support structures that help approved refugees, asylees, and other humanitarian entrants integrate successfully into American society.
The core objective of the ORR is to help newcomers achieve rapid economic self-sufficiency and social integration. To achieve this, ORR distributes federal resources through state-administered programs and an extensive network of non-profit voluntary resettlement agencies. These funds cover time-limited cash allowances, medical assistance, English language training, and specialized job training. For primary research on federal support, visit the official Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) Website.
2. Retrieving Your Form I-94 (Arrival/Departure Record)
The Form I-94 is the official Arrival/Departure Record issued by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). For refugees, asylees, and other humanitarian entrants, this digital document serves as your primary legal proof of lawful admission and status in the United States.
You will need a printed copy of your I-94 to apply for your Social Security Number (SSN), secure a state ID or driver's license, enroll in Medicaid/RMA, and register for public cash assistance or the Matching Grant program. Because CBP issues these records electronically at the airport, you must retrieve and print yours online.
To download your official record, visit the verified federal portal:
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Official CBP I-94 Search Portal
Retrieve, view, and print your most recent electronic Form I-94. Saffer Note: When filling out the online search form, the website will request a "Document Number." You must enter your South African Passport Number in this field to successfully retrieve your record.
3. USCIS Mandatory Address Change Notification (Form AR-11)
Under U.S. federal law, refugees, asylees, and most other non-citizens are legally required to notify U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) of any address change within 10 days of moving. This obligation is typically fulfilled by filing Form AR-11 (Alien's Change of Address Card). The fastest and most efficient way to satisfy this requirement is online, although paper-based filing remains an option.
How to Change Your Address:
Option 1: Online via E-COA (Highly Recommended)
This is the fastest method, as it immediately updates your records across USCIS electronic case management systems in real time. It eliminates the need to file a paper form by mail.
- Go to the official myUSCIS Online Portal and sign in. If you do not have an account yet, you can learn how to set one up on the official USCIS Account Creation Guide.
- Access the self-service Enterprise Change of Address (E-COA) tool under the "My Account" dropdown menu to submit your new address details.
- Ensure you have the receipt numbers (such as those from your pending I-765 Employment Authorization or I-485 adjustment of status files) on hand so the system can link and update your address across all open files simultaneously.
Option 2: By Mail (Paper Form AR-11)
If you cannot access the online portal or require specialized handling for certain sensitive cases (such as survivors of domestic violence), you may submit a physical paper form.
- Download and print the form from the official USCIS Form AR-11 Download Page.
- Carefully complete the document and mail it to the designated federal address specified on the official USCIS Change of Address Portal.
- Trackable Shipping Note: If you choose to mail a physical Form AR-11, it is highly recommended to send it via a trackable delivery method (such as USPS Certified Mail, FedEx, or UPS) so you retain physical proof of delivery for your immigration record.
Crucial Compliance Details:
The USPS Misconception: Simply setting up mail forwarding or updating your address with the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) does not update your address with USCIS. Federal immigration authorities do not receive forwarding information from the post office. You must notify USCIS directly through their official portals to comply with the 10-day legal reporting window.
4. Initial Resettlement Funding: The R&P Grant
When you are approved for resettlement through the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), you are assigned to one of nine national voluntary resettlement agencies. These agencies receive a one-time federal payment on your behalf known as the Reception and Placement (R&P) Grant under a cooperative agreement with the Department of State.
This grant is currently set at exactly $2,425 per refugee. It is important to understand that this is not a cash payment handed over directly to you; instead, it is legally structured into two separate allocations to manage your local setup:
- Direct Client Assistance ($1,375): This portion is legally reserved strictly for your direct resettlement needs. Your local caseworkers will spend these funds on your behalf to cover your first month's apartment rent, rental deposits, initial groceries, basic home furnishings, pocket money, or local transit passes.
- Agency Operational Allocation ($1,050): This portion is retained directly by your sponsoring local resettlement affiliate to cover administrative overhead, professional caseworkers, and operational expenses. These professional caseworkers are your lifelinethey pick you up at the airport, register your children for local schools, file your Social Security card applications, and secure your housing.
Saffer Note: While some resettlement affiliates distribute the bulk of the $1,375 direct assistance as pocket cash, others are permitted to withhold a standardized portion (e.g., $450) to make bulk purchases for your pre-arrival apartment setup (like buying kitchenware, bedding, and initial groceries) so you enter a fully furnished home. Your caseworker is required to provide a clear financial ledger detailing exactly how your direct grant was spent.
For more detailed regulations on the resettlement process, consult the official U.S. Department of State Reception & Placement Program Page.
5. Public Cash Assistance Programs
If you are not enrolled in a private credit-builder program, you will rely on federally funded public cash welfare to cover your basic living expenses during your initial months in the US:
Refugee Cash Assistance (RCA)
RCA is a crucial program designed specifically for single adults and childless couples. Because single adults do not have minor children, they are ineligible for standard family welfare programs. RCA is administered by individual states using federal ORR funds and provides modest, monthly cash payments for up to 12 months starting from your date of entry or asylum grant, allowing you to pay basic rent and utilities while you search for employment. For official guidelines, see the ORR Cash & Medical Assistance (CMA) Portal.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
If you relocate as a family with minor children (under 18), you do not qualify for RCA. Instead, you are transitioned directly onto TANF (commonly known as state family cash assistance). TANF is a long-term state-run welfare program designed to support low-income families. Like RCA, it provides monthly cash support but is tied to mandatory state-supervised job search programs. Read the official administrative rules on the ACF Federal TANF Program Page.
6. The Matching Grant (MG) Program
The Voluntary Agencies Matching Grant (MG) Program is a highly successful, public-private alternative to public welfare programs like RCA or TANF. It is funded by the ORR and administered directly by your local resettlement agency.
How the Matching Grant Works:
- Rapid Self-Sufficiency: The absolute goal of the MG program is to help you secure employment and achieve economic self-sufficiency within 180 to 240 days of arrival, bypassing the need for public welfare.
- Financial Support: The agency provides direct housing subsidies (paying your rent and utilities), monthly cash allowances, and intensive, one-on-one job placement assistance.
- Exclusivity: You cannot "double-dip." While enrolled in the Matching Grant program, you are strictly prohibited from receiving public cash assistance (like RCA, TANF, or SSI). Attempting to apply for public cash welfare will automatically disqualify you from the MG program, causing you to lose your agency's direct housing and employment support.
- Strict Enrollment Window: You must officially enroll in the Matching Grant program through your caseworker within your first 30 days of arrival in the United States. Once this 30-day window closes, you cannot join.
For more detailed regulations on program design and funding matches, review the official ORR Matching Grant Program Page.
7. Official State Refugee Assistance Directories
Because social benefits, RCA disbursement levels, and local integration services are administered directly at the state level, you must coordinate with your state's designated refugee program office.
Select your state or district from the official directory below to access their licensing, resettlement services, or state social services website in a new window: